There are 16 kinds of lubrication methods for machine tools, how many do you know?
November 07, 2021
The lubrication system of CNC machine tools occupies a very important position in the machine tool. It not only has a lubricating effect, but also has a cooling effect to reduce the influence of the thermal deformation of the machine tool on the machining accuracy. Next, I will share with you the lubrication methods of the machine tool, I hope it will be helpful to everyone!
1. Centrifugal lubrication. Under the action of centrifugal force, the lubricating oil flows continuously to the lubrication point along the conical surface, which is used for the rolling bearing mounted on the vertical shaft. 2. Oil bath lubrication. Part or all of the friction surface is immersed in lubricating oil to run, used for medium and low speed friction pairs, such as closed gears with peripheral speeds <12-14m/s; worms, chains, rolling bearings with peripheral speeds <10m/s; peripheral speeds Sliding bearings <12-14m/s; disc friction clutches with peripheral speed <2m/s, etc. 3. Oil ring lubrication. The rotating parts are passed through the oil pool, and the oil is brought or splashed to the lubrication part. It is used for sliding bearings with stable load and 100-2000r/min rotation speed. 4. Splash lubrication. Pass the rotating parts through the oil sump, bring or splash the oil to the lubrication parts, used for closed gears, rolling bearings that are prone to splashing oil, high-speed sliding bearings, roller chains, multi-disc friction clutches, etc. 5. Scraper lubrication. Pass the rotating parts through the oil sump to bring or splash the oil to the lubrication part, which is used for low-speed (30r/min) sliding bearings. 6. Manually add oil and lubricate. Manually add lubricating oil or grease to the friction part for the friction pair of light load, low speed or intermittent work. Such as guide rails, hanging wheels and roller chains (oil lubrication) of ordinary machine tools, toothed chains (oil lubrication), rolling bearings with dn<0.6*10**6 and ball screw pairs (grease lubrication), etc. 7. Dripping oil lubrication. The lubricating oil is dripped into the friction part by its own weight (usually with a needle valve drip cup), which is used for the friction pairs that are not many and easy to access, such as rolling bearings that require quantitative oil supply, and unimportant sliding bearings (peripheral speed <4-5m) /s, light load), chain, ball screw pair, disc friction clutch with peripheral speed <5m/s, etc. 8. Oil rope lubrication. Use the capillary action of the oil rope immersed in the oil or the negative pressure formed by the rotating shaft for self-priming lubrication. It is used for medium and low speed gears. Sliding bearings that require little oil are installed on the vertical shaft. . 9. There is pad lubrication. Use the capillary action of the oil cushion immersed in the oil or use the negative pressure formed by the rotating shaft for self-priming lubrication, and used for sliding bearings with a peripheral speed of <4m/s. 10. Pressure cycle lubrication. The oil pump is used to send the pressure oil to the friction parts, and the used oil returns to the oil tank. After cooling and filtering, it is used for recycling. It is used for the lubrication of high-speed, heavy-duty or precision friction pairs, such as rolling bearings, sliding bearings, roller chains and Toothed chains, etc. 11. Automatic timing and quantitative lubrication. The lubricating oil is pumped up by an oil pump and sent to each lubrication part periodically through a quantitative valve, which is used for guide rails on CNC machine tools and other highly automated machine tools. 12. Oil mist lubrication. Use compressed air to spray the lubricating oil from the nozzle, atomize it and then send it to the friction surface, and make it precipitate in a saturated state, so that the friction surface is adhered to a thin film of oil, which plays a role of lubrication and cooling. Greatly reduce the temperature of the friction pair. Used for high-speed (dn<1 million), light-loaded small and medium-sized rolling bearings, high-speed rotating ball screws, toothed chains, closed gears, guide rails 13. Self-priming lubrication. The self-priming lubrication is carried out by immersion and the negative pressure formed by the rotary shaft. It is used for precision machine tool spindle sliding bearings with peripheral speeds >3m/s and bearing intermittents <0.01mm. 14. Roller lubrication. The rotating parts are passed through the oil pool, and the oil is brought or splashed to the lubrication part for the guide rail. 15. Jet lubrication. Use an oil pump to inject high-pressure oil into the lubrication part through a nozzle for high-speed rotating rolling bearings. 16. Manual pump pressure oil lubrication. The hand pump is used to intermittently send the lubricating oil to the friction surface. The used lubricating oil is generally no longer recycled for use, and is used for guide rails with low oil demand and low refueling frequency.
