Classification and production process formula of copper wire drawing oil
September 11, 2022
Copper wire drawing oil belongs to metalworking oil. It should belong to L-MAB to L-MAG in the relevant oil classification of GB7631.5. Here, only water-soluble copper wire drawing oil is simply divided into three categories: emulsified type, semi-synthetic type (micro- Emulsifying type), synthetic type.
The early drawing oil was basically a mixture of soapy water and vegetable oil. The "high soap and low fat" formula was used in the small drawing, and the "low soap and high fat" formula was used in the large and medium drawing. In the 1980s, Jilin, Yingkou, Tianjin and other places successively adopted the formula. Developed professional copper wire drawing oil products.
1. Pure oil copper wire drawing oil (currently this type of oil is rare)
2. Emulsified copper wire drawing oil The earliest water-soluble oil products are white when contacted with water, like milk, hence the name emulsified oil. This type of product uses medium to low viscosity lubricating oil as the Base Oil and anionic active agent as the main emulsifier. The copper wire drawing oil code-named CWD developed is the representative of this type of product. Its formula is as follows: Sodium Petroleum Sulfonate……………………10 White Oil No. 5…………………… 30 Sulfated vegetable oil……………… 30 Petroleum acid ………………………… Small amounts (on a case-by-case basis) Triethanolamine…………………… Ibid Sulfuric acid…………………… 7 Caustic soda…………………… 3 Defoamer………………………… 0.1 Biocide………………………… 0.3 The product has good lubricity, the selected material has no toxic and side effects, and the cost is low. In the 1980s, the annual output was nearly 2,000 tons, occupying the leading position of domestic wire drawing oil. Before and after the disintegration of Jilin Oil & Fat Factory in 2000, Nanhai, Shunde, Zhuhai, Gaoming, Wuxi, Changzhou, Yixing, Nantong and other places transplanted this process, and Jilin also spawned several wire drawing oil factories. However, the cleaning property of this product is slightly insufficient, the service life is slightly shorter, the resistance to hard water is low, and there are black-green floating objects on the surface of the emulsion. With the development of synthetic materials and the improvement of the wire drawing process, the enameled wire industry has been hard to find traces of it, except for the application in medium and low speed large and medium drawing with low requirements. 3. Semi-synthetic copper wire drawing oil (micro-emulsion type) Semi-synthetic drawing oil is also known as micro-emulsion drawing oil. Compared with emulsified drawing oil, this kind of product contains less oil (about 10% to 30%), and the emulsifier, especially the nonionic emulsifier, has a large content (about 25%). %~60%), which can be dispersed into finer particles in water, so that light can pass through to form a transparent emulsion, which is a thermodynamically stable system and cannot be separated by a high-speed centrifuge. "All differences converge in the middle stage", and the same is true for emulsions and microemulsions, the change from emulsion to microemulsion is gradual and there is no clear dividing line. If a certain amount of engine oil is added to the semi-synthetic emulsified oil, the emulsion may turn white, and the semi-synthetic emulsified oil becomes an emulsified oil. Although the oil content of semi-synthetic drawing oil decreases, it does not affect its lubricating performance, because in emulsified oil, the base oil (usually No. 5 to 46 engine oil), which is used as a solvent and carrier of various functional additives, only provides Auxiliary lubricity, the main lubricating properties are provided by additives. Sometimes drawing manufacturers add micro-emulsion oil to water, and the water does not turn into milky white, but forms a transparent solution, and thinks that the drawing oil is "no more". In fact, this is a misunderstanding. Most manufacturers of emulsified oil do not manufacture emulsifiers, but outsource them. However, there are slight differences in the performance of different batches of emulsifiers from different manufacturers. Even if the same formula and the same process are used, they may not necessarily produce qualified products. It is a mature formula that needs to be fine-tuned during production. Sometimes, the amount of a certain additive in one ton of product is different from one kilogram of product performance, which puts forward high requirements for the quality control of emulsified oil manufacturers, and is also the reason why some manufacturers' products are good and bad. The composition of semi-synthetic drawing oil is not like that of some emulsified products. It is almost well known in the industry. At present, there is almost no mature public formula. The following is the formula of a cutting fluid. Oil is extremely close. Mineral oil…………………… 17 Sulfurized Vegetable Oils…………… 8 Polyethylene Glycol Oleate………… 12 Nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether… 5 Diethanolamine oleate……………… 28 Water………………………… 30 4. Synthetic copper wire drawing oil Strictly speaking, synthetic products cannot be called "oil" for drawing, because they do not contain mineral oil, which is why the general term for drawing lubricants should be drawing lubricants, not drawing oils. This type of product contains a lot of water and various water-soluble functional additives. In order to make the product look good, pigments are often used to dye the product into red, green, yellow and other colors. This type of product has excellent cleaning performance, relatively poor lubricity and high cost. At present, it is mainly used in micro-pulling, and small-pulling is also used.
