What is the difference between the cutting fluids used in industrial aluminum processing?
September 10, 2022
Aluminum alloy cutting fluid is composed of extreme pressure lubricants, rust inhibitors, surfactants, antioxidants, etc., which are scientifically and high-temperature compounded. It is an environmentally friendly and high-quality water-soluble cutting fluid specially developed for aluminum and aluminum alloy processing. The choice of aluminum alloy cutting fluid should consider both its own lubricity and its cooling performance. For finishing, it is easy to choose emulsified cutting fluid or low-viscosity cutting oil. For grinding, the grinding debris is very small, and a lot of heat is generated during the grinding process. Therefore, when selecting cutting fluids, not only the lubrication and cooling properties, but also the filterability of the cutting fluid should be considered.
Why does cutting fluid corrode aluminum products? Aluminum corrosion is divided into chemical corrosion and electrochemical corrosion. Aluminum will be corroded in weak acid (less than 4.5) or strong alkali (more than 8.5). Prevent chemical corrosion: The cutting fluid itself is alkaline, preferably the PH value of the cutting fluid is less than 8.5, and aluminum Corrosion Inhibitor is added. In addition, the alkaline additives in the cutting fluid will also produce macular after drying on the surface of the aluminum workpiece, which is also corrosion. Electrochemical corrosion: The processed products should not be placed on iron plates or iron products with cutting fluid, which is prone to electrochemical corrosion.
The difference between aluminum cutting fluid and metal cutting fluid Metal cutting fluids generally include emulsions, kerosene, and diesel, and there are many choices; aluminum cutting fluids generally use kerosene or kerosene + paraffin solution. The advantage of using kerosene or kerosene + paraffin in the aluminum cutting fluid is that the chips are not easy to stick to the knife and cut the tumor, and the finished workpiece has a better finish. The effect of milling aluminum parts with other cutting fluids is not as good as that of kerosene + paraffin. The performance is similar, and they all have various properties such as anti-corrosion, anti-rust, cooling, and environmental protection. It is also widely used in stainless steel and molds. It's just that the aluminum product cutting fluid is more suitable for aluminum alloys, and the effect is more obvious, and the metal cutting fluid can be used in metal cutting fluid.
The distinction and use of emulsified cutting fluid and synthetic cutting fluid Synthetic cutting fluid does not contain mineral oil and is composed of various additives such as water-soluble rust inhibitor, oily agent, extreme pressure anti-wear additive, surfactant, preservative and defoamer. The diluent is transparent or translucent. It has excellent cooling and cleaning properties, suitable for high-speed cutting; the solution is transparent and has good visibility, especially suitable for modern processing equipment such as CNC machine tools and machining centers, and has a long service life. The concentrate of the emulsion is mainly composed of mineral oil or synthetic oil (content is 50% to 80%), emulsifier, rust inhibitor, oily agent, extreme pressure and anti-wear additives and preservatives. When the concentrate is used, it can be directly diluted with water to form an emulsion, and the diluted solution is opaque and milky white.
In summary, the selection of cutting fluid should follow the following principles: 1) The cutting fluid should have no irritating odor and no harmful additives to ensure the safety of users. 2) The cutting fluid should meet the requirements of equipment lubrication and protection management, that is, the cutting fluid should not corrode the metal parts of the machine tool, not damage the machine tool seals and paint, and not leave hard gelatinous deposits on the machine tool guide rails to ensure the use of equipment. safe and working properly. 3) The cutting fluid should meet the anti-rust requirements between the workpiece processes and not rust the workpiece. When machining copper alloys, sulfur-containing cutting fluids should not be used. When machining aluminum alloys, a cutting fluid with a neutral pH value should be used. 4) Cutting fluid should have excellent lubricity and cleaning performance. Select the cutting fluid with high maximum non-seizing load value and small surface tension, and evaluate it by cutting fluid test. 5) The cutting fluid should have a long service life, which is especially important for machining centers. 6) The cutting fluid should be adapted to a variety of processing methods and workpiece materials as much as possible. 7) The cutting fluid should be low in pollution and have a waste fluid treatment method. 8) The cutting fluid should be cheap and easy to prepare.
