Production process and application of lubricating oil
August 02, 2023
Lubricating oil is one of the important Petrochemical, which has a wide range of products and is widely used in production and life. The finished lubricating oil is mainly composed of Base Oil and additives, with base oil accounting for the majority. Therefore, the performance and quality of base oil are crucial to the quality of lubricating oil. Additives can improve the performance of base oils and are an important component of lubricants. Lubricating oil is a liquid lubricant used on various types of machinery to reduce friction and protect machinery and machined parts. It mainly plays a role in controlling friction, reducing wear, cooling, sealing and isolation. In addition, lubricating oil base oil hydrofining. Another important characteristic of lubricating oil is oxidation stability. Excellent oxidation stability can extend the service life of lubricating oils and better control the formation of deposits. The appearance chromaticity of oil products often reflects their degree of refinement and stability. By utilizing MSDW isomerization dewaxing technology and combining it with ExxonMobil MAXSAT hydrofining catalyst, a base oil with outstanding color and stability can be obtained. Production process of lubricating oil 1. Lubricant production process The crude oil is first subjected to regular pressure distillation to distill the atmospheric tower bottom residue of light fractions such as steam, coal, and diesel. Then, it is subjected to vacuum distillation to separate the light, medium, and heavy fraction oil. The vacuum tower bottom residue is then deasphalted with propane to obtain residual lubricating oil. The prepared fraction and residual lubricating oil are refined, dewaxed, and supplemented to obtain lubricating oil base oil, and finally enter the product oil blending process, Optimize the compatibility with additives to obtain finished lubricating oil. Due to the use of different crude oil raw materials and varying product performance requirements, the production process of lubricating oil base oil is very complex. But it can be summarized into three process routes: one is the physical processing route "solvent refining solvent dewaxing supplementary refining"; The second is the full hydrogen route of chemical processing route "hydrocracking catalytic dewaxing hydrofining"; The third is the physical chemical joint processing route, which has a process structure of "solvent pre refining - hydrocracking - solvent dewaxing" or "hydrocracking solvent dewaxing - hydrogenation supplementary refining". 2. Typical process flow (1) Physical processing route (2) Chemical processing route When producing base oil using the full hydrogen process, the raw material preparation process of the lubricating oil factory is basically the same as the above production process, but the production process structure of the base oil has significant differences. (3) Mixed processing route
When the hydrotreating process is combined with solvent refining and solvent dewaxing, a base oil production route combining physical and chemical processing is formed, which is a mixed process structure.
(4) Production process of hydrodewaxing
With the continuous understanding of hydrotreated base oils and the increasing requirements of the automotive industry for lubricating oil quality, the technology of lubricating oil hydrotreating has achieved sustained development.
Especially with the strong promotion of environmental protection, energy conservation, and longer service life, in addition to requiring excellent lubrication performance, lubricating oil is also required to have characteristics such as low viscosity, low volatility, and excellent oxidation stability. This makes hydrogen treatment technology an important means of producing high-quality lubricating base oil today.
The main function of the hydrogen conversion production process for lubricating oil is to improve the viscosity temperature performance of the lubricating oil base oil.
The hydrotreating process uses a chemical conversion process, which involves the selective hydrocracking reaction of non ideal components into ideal components under the action of a catalyst and hydrogen, in order to improve the viscosity index.
Conclusion:
At present, the supply of lubricating oil in the world market exceeds demand, and structural contradictions are prominent. The development momentum of future lubricants mainly comes from two aspects.
(1) Reduce the cost of lubricating oil systems. Extending the oil change period through equipment manufacturers and equipment users, or significantly reducing operating costs through long-term equipment operation;
(2) Long term environmental friendliness and safety are required under working conditions. Good thermal oxidation stability, low volatility, high viscosity index, low sulfur/sulfur free, low viscosity, and environmental friendliness are the basic requirements for future lubricants.
Therefore, the most active isomerization dewaxing technology and Synthetic oil technology in the current lubricating oil processing technology will have a larger development space, and the development of lubricants with different uses and types will be the main development direction of lubricating oil production.
