How to choose cutting fluid in the machining industry, especially how to choose aluminum alloy cutting fluid, has always troubled the majority of machining owners. Should you choose cutting oil, emulsified oil or semi-synthetic cutting fluid? These problems will not only affect the quality of the product, but even the use of machine tools. Of course, the cost is also a big factor. Today, I will briefly introduce how to choose.
Here we introduce the suitable cutting fluids according to the classification of aluminum alloys. Different types of aluminum alloys play a crucial role in the selection of cutting fluid components.
According to the different metal elements contained in aluminum alloys, they can be roughly divided into the following categories.
1000 refers to pure aluminum series
2000 refers to aluminum copper alloy series
3000 refers to aluminum-manganese alloy series
4000 refers to aluminum silicon alloy series
5000 refers to aluminum magnesium alloy series
6000 refers to aluminum magnesium silicon alloy series
7000 refers to aluminum and zinc series alloys
8000 refers to aluminum and other elements
The more common grades: 1060, 2024, 5052, 6061, 6063, 7075.
1000 series aluminum is also known as pure aluminum. Among all series, 1000 series belongs to the series with the most aluminum content. The purity can reach more than 99.00%. Since it does not contain other technical elements, it is not easy to be corroded, so there are still many cutting fluids suitable for him, and most cutting fluids can basically be applied.
The 2000 series aluminum generation is characterized by high hardness, and the highest content of copper is about 3-5%. 2000 series aluminum sheets belong to aviation aluminum materials, which are not often used in conventional industries.
5000 series aluminum plate belongs to the more commonly used alloy aluminum plate series, the main element is magnesium, and the magnesium content is between 3-5%. Also known as aluminum-magnesium alloy. The main features are low density, high tensile strength and high elongation. In the same area, the weight of aluminum-magnesium alloy is lower than that of other series. Therefore, it is often used in aviation, such as aircraft fuel tanks. It is also widely used in conventional industries. For magnesium-aluminum alloys, special attention should be paid to anti-corrosion, so the PH value must be well controlled in the selection of cutting fluid, and cutting fluid with too high PH value cannot be selected. Too high PH value will make the aluminum surface black.
6000 series means 6061 mainly contains magnesium and silicon, so it combines the advantages of 4000 series and 5000 series. 6061 is a cold-treated aluminum forging product, which is suitable for applications with high requirements on corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance. Good usability, excellent interface characteristics, easy coating, and good workability. Can be used on low voltage weapons and aircraft joints.
The 7000 series represents 7075 which mainly contains zinc. It also belongs to the aviation series. It is an aluminum-magnesium-zinc-copper alloy, a heat-treatable alloy, and a super-hard aluminum alloy with good wear resistance. The 7075 aluminum plate is stress-relieved and will not be deformed or warped after processing. The thick 7075 aluminum plate is all ultrasonically detected, which can ensure no blisters and impurities. The high thermal conductivity of 7075 aluminum plate can shorten the molding time and improve the work efficiency. The main feature is that the hardness is high. 7075 is an aluminum alloy with high hardness and high strength, which is often used in the manufacture of aircraft structures and futures. It requires high-strength structural parts and mold manufacturing with high strength and strong corrosion resistance.
8000 series The more commonly used 8011 belongs to other series. In my memory, the main function of the aluminum plate is to make the bottle cap. It is also used in the radiator, and most of the applications are aluminum foil. Less commonly used. Aluminum rod specifications: maximum diameter: 500mm. The main feature of the above aluminum materials is high hardness, so the selection of cutting fluid generally requires good lubricity, especially in the processing of deep reaming with countersunk drilling, and the lack of lubricity can easily cause problems such as knife breakage.
The above aluminum cutting fluids should also pay attention to the trace elements of special aluminum. Generally, various corrosion inhibitors must be added to the selected cutting fluids to prevent the aluminum surface from being oxidized after the cutting is completed.
